Cleansing soap



Patented June 17, 1924.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OLIVER J. BERG, F OAK PARK, ILLINOIS. v

/ cnnansme soar.

I No Drawing,

oils, for instance kerosene, act as cleansing agents through theiraction in dissolving grease. It has heretofore been suggested to add tosoap some light hydrocarbon oil, for instance naphtha or turpentine, toincrease its detergent properties. The advantage thus gained has been,however, quite limited owing to the fact that soap alone will hold insolution only a small proportionate quantity of the hydrocarbon oil.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a soaphaving improved cleansing properties through its holding in solution anexcess of light hydrocarbon oil, and by the term excess as used in thisconnection and in the appended claims I mean a materially larger amountof oil than the soap alone is capable of holding in solution.

The desired results are accomplished according to these improvements byadding to the compound a substance having the property of increasing thesolubility of the hydrocarbon oil in an aqueous soap solution.

Among such. substances I may mention terpineol, geraniol and otherterpene alcohols, among which, in view of cost considerations, terpineolwill be found to be the most available at. the present time. I maymention also benzyl alcohol and its homologues such as phenyl ethylalcohol, methyl benzyl alcohol, etc., and there are other aromaticalcohols well known which might also be used if found to be commerciallyavailable.

My improved soap may have the form of a liquid, a paste or a solid, andhereinafter I shall describe methods and proportions well suited to themanufacture of each of these several kinds. According to my commercialpractice kerosene is used as the hydrocarbon cleansing or detergent oiland terpineol as the substance or agent for increasing the solubility ofthe kerosene in soap whereby the soap may hold the described excess ofkerosene in solution.

In making my improved soap in liquid form I may take any suitablewater-soluble soap and make from it a liquid solution, adding theretothe hydrocarbon oil with sufli- Application filed July 18, 1921. SerialK0. 485,700.

cient agitation to produce a homogenous distribution and effect thedesired solubility of the detergent oil, as kerosene, in the soap.

If the process be begun with the saponification step any suitable animalor vegetable oil, cocoanut oil for example, may be saponified withcaustic potash, diluting with water to obtain a solution containingabout twentythree per cent of actual soap. To this cent of kerosene onthe weight of the soap solution, together with an equal quantity ofterpineol. The mixture is at first cloudy but with agitation thesolution clears and is ready for use as a liquid soap.

To make the compound in a paste form fifty parts of a suitable animal orvegetable oil may be mixed with about seventeen parts of kerosene andsix parts of terpineol, all according to weight, together with asaponifying agent such as caustic soda dissolved in water, making atotal of one hundred parts. The amount of caustic may be readilydetermined by anyone skilled in the art according to the saponificationvalue v I of the particular oil employed. Upon completion of thesaponification the solution is ready for use as a paste soap.

It may be mentioned that it is not necessary to add the kerosene and theterpineol to the saponifiable oil in the first instance but, as in thecase of the liquid soap, the

saponification may be completed first and the'other substances added tothe hot mass; or the oil and other substances may be worked into theplastic mass by mechanical means upon cooling.

In making the solid form of the soap about sixty parts of hard fat suchas tallow may be mixed with about twelve parts of kerosene and aboutfive parts of terpineol,

all by weight, there being added thereto the proper amount. ofsaponifying agent such as caustic soda dissolved in sufficient.seminated throughout the mass by a mechanical mixing. p

In all instances the detergent oil and the may be added about two andone-half peragent for increasing its solubility in the soap may be addedto the oil or fat before the saponification takes place, or to thesaponified mass; and in all cases, too, the soap may be made by taking asoap which is either in liquid, paste or solid form, and working into ithomogeneously the described excess of the detergent oil and the othersubstance for rendering such oil more soluble in the soap.

The soap compound thus produced contains a relatively large amount ofactual soap, and, while the amount of detergent oil is relatively small,it is materially greater than that which the soap normally has ca pacityto dissolve, and the improved product has unusually high cleansingproperties.

Any of the light hydrocarbon oils, either alone or mixed with others,may be used as the detergent oil. The most efiicient will be found tohave a boiling point between sixty and two hundred andfifty degreescentigrade.

The proportions herein given for kerosene and terpineol may be followedin the use of other detergent oils and other alcohols used forincreasing the solubility of the detergent oil in the soap.

I claim:

1. The method of making a cleansing soap compound which consists intaking a water-soluble soap, mechanically mixing therewith an excess ofrelatively light hydrocarbon oil, and also mechanically mixing therewithan alcohol having a relatively high boiling point and having theproperty of increasing the solubility of the hydrocarbon oil in anaqueous soap solution, the respective proportions of the soap, said oiland said alcohol being such that said oil is substantially dissolved inthe soap, and the combined Weight of said oil and said a1- cohol is lessthan the weight of the soap.

2. The method of making a cleansing soap which comprises thesaponification of a-fat or oil to make a water-soluble soap, adding tothe mass an excess of relatively light hydrocarbon oil, and adding alsoan alcohol having a relatively high boiling point and having theproperty of increasing the solubility of the hydrocarbon oil in anaqueous soap solution, the respective proportions of the soap, said oiland said alcohol being such that said oil is substantially dissolved inthe mass.

3. The method of making cleansing soap 4. The method of making acleansing soap compound which consists in mechanically mixing withwater-soluble soap an excess of hydrocarbon oil having a boiling pointbetween sixty degrees centigradeand two hundred and fifty degreescentigrade, and also mechanically mixing therewith terpineol, therespective proportions of the soap, hydrocarbon oil and terpineol beingsuch that the hydrocarbon oil is substantial- 1y dissolved in the soap.

5. The method of making a cleansing soap compound which consists inmechanically mixing with water-soluble soap an excess of kerosene, andalso mechanically mixing therewith terpineol, th proportions being suchthat the kerosene is substantially dissolved in the soap.

6. The method of making a cleansing soap compound which consists inmechanically mixing terpineol with water-soluble soap and mechanicallymixing with the soap and terpineol such a quantity of kerosene as willdissolve in the rest of the mixture.

7. A water-soluble cleansin soap .con-

taining an excess of a light hy rocarbon oil and such a quantity ofterpineol as will render the hydrocarbon oil soluble in the soap, theweight of the soap being much greater than that of said oil.

8. A liquid cleansing soap containing from twenty per cent tothirty-five per cent of actual soap in water solution, from two per centto five per cent of a light hydrocarbon oil, and from two per cent tofive per cent of a high-boiling alcohol having the property of causingsaid hydrocarbon oil to dissolve in the soap.

9. A liquid cleansing soap containing from twenty per cent tothirty-five per cent of actual soap in water solution,.from two per centto five per cent of kerosene, and from two per cent to five per cent ofterpineol.

OLIVER J. BERG.

